Docker 컴포즈로 개발 환경 구축하기

# docker-compose.yml
version: "3.9"

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.dev
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    volumes:
      - .:/app
      - /app/node_modules   # 컨테이너 node_modules 보호
    environment:
      - NODE_ENV=development
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy

  db:
    image: postgres:16-alpine
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: dev
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: devpass
      POSTGRES_DB: myapp
    volumes:
      - pg_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready -U dev"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 5

  redis:
    image: redis:7-alpine
    command: redis-server --save 60 1

volumes:
  pg_data:

docker compose up -d              # 백그라운드 실행
docker compose up --build         # 이미지 재빌드 후 실행
docker compose down -v            # 컨테이너 + 볼륨 삭제
docker compose logs -f app        # 특정 서비스 로그 팔로우
docker compose exec app bash      # 컨테이너 셸 접속
docker compose ps                 # 서비스 상태 확인

# .env (git 제외)
DB_PASSWORD=secretpass
API_KEY=abc123

# docker-compose.yml
services:
  app:
    env_file:
      - .env

# docker-compose.override.yml (개발용, git 제외 가능)
services:
  app:
    volumes:
      - .:/app
    command: npm run dev

docker compose -f docker-compose.yml -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d