Vim Practical Guide — Using Vim at Work Without Plugins

h j k l       ← ↓ ↑ →
w / b         next/previous word start
e             end of word
0 / $         start/end of line
gg / G        start/end of file
50G           go to line 50
Ctrl+f / b    page down/up
%             jump to matching bracket

dd            delete current line (cut)
5dd           delete 5 lines
yy            yank (copy) current line
5yy           yank 5 lines
p / P         paste (below/above)
u             undo
Ctrl+r        redo
x             delete character under cursor
dw            delete word
cw            change word (delete then insert mode)
.             repeat last command

/pattern        search downward
?pattern        search upward
n / N           next/previous match
*               search word under cursor

" replace all
:%s/old/new/g

" replace with confirmation
:%s/old/new/gc

" specific range (lines 10–20)
:10,20s/old/new/g

" ignore case
:%s/old/new/gi

qa        start recording into register 'a'
...       perform edits
q         stop recording
@a        play the macro
10@a      play 10 times
@@        replay last macro

:e file.txt           open a file
:sp file.txt          horizontal split
:vsp file.txt         vertical split
Ctrl+w w              switch split windows
Ctrl+w =              equalize window sizes

:tabnew file.txt      open in a new tab
gt / gT               next/previous tab
:tabn 2               go to tab 2

:buffers              list open buffers
:b2                   switch to buffer 2

set number            " line numbers
set relativenumber    " relative line numbers
set tabstop=2         " tab width
set expandtab         " use spaces for tabs
set autoindent
set hlsearch          " highlight search
set incsearch         " incremental search
set ignorecase
set smartcase
syntax on
colorscheme desert